Meeting 1: Noun and Verb

Introduction

Before we start listening, let’s learn two important parts of speech in English — Nouns and Verbs!
These two word types help you understand who or what the sentence talks about, and what happens.

What is a Noun?

Definition:
A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.
It usually answers the question “What?” or “Who?” in a sentence.

Examples:

• Person: teacher, student, doctor
  → The teacher is kind.
• Place: school, city, park
  → I go to the school every day.
• Thing: book, phone, chair
  → My phone is new.
• Idea: love, happiness, freedom
  → Love is beautiful.

Example question:
I see a cat. → What do I see? → a cat (noun)

📝 Extra Notes:

• Countable Nouns: book, apple, chair
• Uncountable Nouns: water, milk, happiness
• Proper Nouns: Indonesia, Mr. John, London
• Common Nouns: country, man, city
• Plural Form: book → books, city → cities

What is a Verb?

Definition:
A verb is a word that shows action or a state of being.
It tells what someone does or what happens.

Examples:

• Action Verbs: run, eat, study, sing
  → They run fast.
• State of Being Verbs: am, is, are, was, were
  → She is happy.

Example question:
I run every morning. → What do I do? → run (verb)

📝 Extra Notes:

• Verb “to be” forms: am / is / are (present), was / were (past)
• Regular Verbs: work → worked, play → played
• Irregular Verbs: go → went, eat → ate, have → had
• Subject–Verb Agreement:
  He / She / It → adds -s → She studies hard.

Summary

• A Noun names a person, place, thing, or idea.
• A Verb shows an action or state of being.
• Together, they make the core of every English sentence.

Examples:

• The boy runs fast. → noun: boy, verb: runs
• I love music. → noun: music, verb: love